ippocampal Neurogenesis: Regulation by Stress and ntidepressants

نویسندگان

  • Alex Dranovsky
  • René Hen
چکیده

ccumulating evidence implicates hippocampal neurogenesis in the pathophysiology of depression. Psychosocial stress reduces eurogenesis in rodents, whereas chronic treatment with antidepressants increases neurogenesis and blocks the effects of stress. The ffects of stress and antidepressant treatment on hippocampal neurogenesis parallel behavioral changes in animal models. Moreover, blating hippocampal neurogenesis renders antidepressants inactive in behavioral paradigms used to model antidepressant response nd anxiety-like behavior in mice. In humans, monoamine-modulating antidepressants demonstrate clinical efficacy in treating epression and anxiety, which are often precipitated by psychosocial stress. This review examines the mounting evidence that stress nd antidepressant treatment regulate neurogenesis in animals. Special attention is paid to the cellular and molecular mechanisms y which this regulation takes place. An analysis of current animal models used to study response to stress and antidepressants ndicates the importance of modeling chronic treatment, which reflects both changes in neurogenesis and clinical response. Exploring esponses of hippocampal neurogenesis to experimental challenges in appropriate animal models should delineate the role of dult-born neurons in hippocampal physiology. Focusing on neurogenic response to experimental paradigms of stress and ntidepressant treatment is particularly interesting for understanding the pathophysiology of major depressive disorder.

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تاریخ انتشار 2006